Thursday, January 22, 2009

A hole in the graph

Hell0 :)

Today in class, we continued doing the unfinished example from yesterday's class. The first thing we did was Mr. k showed us the video of a real "Plug Hole" because it is related to our topic today. Here's what he showed us "Plug Hole (short version)" "Plug Hole (long version)" Feel free to watch it..

Anyways here are the examples we did...













next scribe is Ashley

Today's Slides: January 22

Here they are ...



Wednesday, January 21, 2009

More about Rational Functions

Hi! everyone..

Sorry for the delay I almost forgot that I have to scribe for today's class.

Today, Mr.K reviewed about the Graphing Function that we did for yesterday's class.

Remember: The seven steps of doing the Graphing Function;
1st step: find the y-intercept
2nd step: Factor (if it can be factor)
3rd step: Find the Roots
4th step: Find the V.A (vertical analysis)
5th step: Find the H.A (Horizontal analysis)
6th step: Sign Analysis
7th step: Sketching the graph
Mr. K ask to do this question:





If the graph didn't touch the x-axis then it doesn't have roots
Mr. K give an example of irrational number that can be factor



don't forget to do the exercise review^_^
next scribe will be EchizenR18

Today's Slides: January 21

Here they are ...



Function mix with Niwatori-san XD

Morning fellow Math ELITES!!

Itz function time last unit for this curriculum but not the last for your school year!

T_T

Oh stop crying about it letz go on with some learning!


Well following with the Synthetic division as well as the RATIONAL ROOTS THEOREM . . .
we can get sketching a graph well worth the time to look at. =p


Please follow these steps as followed to sketch the graph!

Step 1: Find your Y-intercept by letting variable X become zero like this
e.g . . . . . (x=0)
Good job you're smart!

Step 2:
Find all rational roots possible while reminded to wiping out the copied numbers
(Use the rational roots theorem if needed)
Okay next step!

Step 3: Determine the sign of the function by looking at the different ways the X intercepts are hitting the X-axis such as -2 hitting at X and another hitting +2 see different spots!

Final Step! *Was going to do a drum beat but I let the drum just roll away* Step 4: Sketch the Graph! XP (what did you expect Oprah Winfrey forget it!)


Of course this is done after you get show the work so these following diagrams will show you how:

1st use Synthetic division mind yourself this is to find Polynomial Functions I will touch with Rational Functions in the next one!



Ok, you got the roots time to graph it with the roots acquired!



Use the equation and get the Y-intercept by letting the X's in the equation F(x)=4X^3+3X^2+4X+5
so...
Y = 4(0)^3+3(0)^2+4(0)+5
= 5

After doing this you can make a number line including all the Roots/X-intercepts depending on the context used in this case it's roots for the number line


Sketching Rational Functions is just a bit of an extra step! All that is different is that you need to look for vertical asymptotes.

Asymptotes are lines on a graph not meant to be there but they are there to show that certain part of the Cartesian plain is not allowed to have a(n) point to touch the line. If the point does touch then there is something wrong with the graph.

*Be careful to not mistake the Asymptote as part of the graph itself!*

Oh yes, quick reminder you have to find both horizontal and vertical Asymptotes not just the vertical.

Ok... that was to get the horizontal asymptote but to get the vertical asymptote you just need the root of the denominator!

*****Please notice!!! that not all the time will there be an asymptote!!! So no need to worry if there isn't one present!!!****


Niwatori-san signing off I'll see you all in the next year. Have fun next Pre-cal class and hopes to always to feel happy as well obliged to use your own voice to help out your peers.

"A little voice from you could change a lot from the many in silent"
-By: Niwatori-san- GAMBETE FOLKS!















> . < So sorry people I forgot to scribe the past two times but yeah I had work and even though that be a bad excuse to skip scribing I'm still sorry!

Tuesday, January 20, 2009

Graphing Rational Functions

This morning we continued talking about Graphing Rational Functions. We went back to the example from yesterday's class and finish graphing the rational function.

Example:


Step 1: Find the y-intercept by letting x=0.



Step 2: Factor everything, which in this case it's already
factored.

Step 3: Find the roots of the function by finding the roots of the numerator.
This one has
NO ROOTS.

Step 4: Find the vertical asymptotes by finding the roots of the denominator.
V.A. → x=2

Step 5: Find the horiz
ontal asymptotes by dividing each term in the function by highest power of x, and take the limit as x goes infinity.









H.A. → y=0


Step 6: Determine the sign of the function over the intervals defined by the roots (step 3) and vertical asymptotes (step 4).



Step 7: Sketch the graph.

This is not the the exact graph, but it gives us idea on how the graph would look like.

We did another example on graphing rational functions, but it's pretty much the exact same thing on how we solve it. The only thing that changed was the graph (we can see this on the slides that Mr. K post everyday).

Homework: Go back to the Exercise that was assigned yesterday and and do the graphing rational functions part of it. Also, don't forget to start on doing the last exercise in the book that covers all the units that we did in Pre-Cal.

Next scribe is Larlyn

- Jeamille

Today's Slides: January 20

Here they are ...



Friday, January 16, 2009

Thursday, January 15, 2009

Today's Slides: January 15

Here they are ...



Remainder Theorem and The Rational Roots Theorem

Today in class, we went over one more time how to do synthetic division and how to find the roots of a function using the Remainder Theorem.

After that, we learned how to find the missing coefficient in a polynomial if we already know what the remainder is. Here's how you would do this:

Let's say you have the question:


The first thing you want to do is write it out in a way that is easy to understand:


Then you plug the root of the denominator into the function:


Since we already know the remainder we can rewrite it this way:


Now all we do is isolate K with a little algebra, and solve it:


And there you have it!

Near the end of the class we managed to quickly learn the Rational Roots Theorem. This theorem allows us to find any rational roots of a polynomial function. Here's an example:

So you're given the equation:


The first thing to do is the find all the possible positive and negative factors of the constant term:


Now we find all the positive factors of the leading coefficient:


We then list all the possible rational roots, eliminating any duplicates:


We can then test out these roots by using synthetic division and the factor theorem to turn the function into a quadratic (Remember: If the remainder is 0, then it is a root):


This then gives you:


Now you just factor the equation and find the roots:


And there you have it! That's about all we did for today, tomorrow's scribe will be...Niwatori-san

Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Today's Slides: January 14

Here they are ...



Yesterday we did more examples on synthetic division but we learn't something new.

Here is an example:


From the above we can observe that the remainder is the same with the rational root .

Another example was about finding out if a fraction is a factor or not.

If a fraction is a factor, it's remainder and rational root must be eqaul to o


Here's an example:

Tuesday, January 13, 2009

Today's Slides: January 13

Here they are ...



January 12

Sorry for the delay...

Anyways, we did the rational roots theorem and the synthetic divison.

The following questions for the rational roots theorem were:

Find each of the following and their domains: fOg, gOf, fOf, gOg.

f(x) = 2x+3, g(x) = 4x-1

fOg(x) = f(g(x))

They're the same equation. What fOg(x) means is that g is fed up inside of f which is the same as f(g(x)). Same goes for the other functions gOf = g(f(x)), fOf = f(f(x)), gOg = g(g(x)).

Now lets try fOg(x):
f(g(x)) = 2(4x-1)+3
= 8x-2+3
= 8x+1


Another function: f(x) = √x-1, g(x) = x2


fOg(x) = f(g(x))

= √x2-1


We cant simplify this any longer, so we leave it at that. Lets move on to...



Synthetic Division.


I hate dividing because it was too long. It eats up half of your paper when you do division but Mr. K showed us the easier way to divide.



For example:


The 7 on the left side is the root of x - 7. The 2 was brought down. Now 7 * 2 = 14, we put the 14 under 6. Then 14 + 6 = 20. We are now adding instead of subtracting compared to the long division. Subtraction can lead to different answers. We then multiply 7 * 20 = 140. We put the 140 on the next, under -40. Now we can add (-40) + 140 = 100. So we multiply 700 by 100 and we get 700, we add 700 to 1 and we get 701.

Now we have 2 20 100 701. We start on the very right side. We have 701 which is a remainder. So we put that as 701/x-7. Next up is 100. After the remainded we have the constant. So 100 is our constant. Next up is 20 and it becomes 20x and 2 becomes 2x2 . So we have 2x2 + 20x + 100 + 701/x-7.

Sunday, January 11, 2009

function inverse and composition

On Friday continued our new topic of Function. We first did a quick review on how to compose a function and then we learn how decompose it.
If we can compose a function. We must also be able to decompose it.for function decomposition we have to understand the "inner function" and the "Outer function"
for example if we have f(x)= 1-x^2 in order to decompose the function F(x)= x^2 Inner function
g(x)= x+1 Outer function
f(x)=1/x^3
F(x)= x^3 Inner function
g(x)=1/x Outer function
for more information about the function composition visit
http://www.purplemath.com/modules/fcncomp.htm
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/mth251/cq/FieldGuide/composition/lesson.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4AEZElTPDo
After the function decomposition we talked about the function of type
many to one function.
Different from one to one function where every one element of the input or the domain correspond to one element of the output or range. A many to one function is a function where every one element of the input domain correspond to more than one element of the output or range.


many to one function
Slide 10
We have to remember that
Input = Domain which is a set of all the first elements of the ordered pairs of a function
Output = Range
which is a set of all the second elements of the ordered pairs of a function.

one to one function

One-to-one function are special because they are invertible

The we learned the horizontal line test which is a test use to determine if a function is a one-to-one. we the horizontal line test when we graph a function
If a horizontal line intersects a function's graph. more than once, then the function is not one-to-one.

Passes the test

Fail the test
Finally we learned the inverse of a function. Considering f(x) the function, the inverse of function f(x) will undo what f(x) did.
if ƒ is a function from A to B then an inverse function for ƒ is a function in the opposite direction, if an input x into the function ƒ produces an output y, then inputting y into the inverse function ƒ–(read f inverse) the inverse of a one-to-one function is obtained by switching the role of x and y.ƒ– the inverse of a one-to-one function is obtained by switching the role of x and y.


the inverse of a function is defined by

Not all function has an inverse. those that do are called invertible the one-to-one are special because they are invertible.

General procedure for finding the inverse of a function:
  • Interchange the variables - First, we will exchange the variables. We do this because we want to find the function that goes the other way, by mapping the old range onto the old domain. So our new equation is x=2y-5.
  • Solve for y -The rest is simply solving for the new y, which gives us:
    2y-5 = x
    2y = x+5
    y = (x+5)/2
    Hence, y-1(x) = (x+5)/2










Friday, January 9, 2009

Thursday, January 8, 2009

Functions

Hi every one!

I hope everyone did well on the test. Today we started a new unit called Functions. Function is a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another.

We can express functions in ways such as:-
1. sets:- For example A:{2,3,4,5} and set B:{6,7,8,9}.

2. Graphs:- For example this is a graph of the equation f(x)=x^2+2.


3. Formula:- For example f(x)=x^2+2.

We have also talked about relations. Relation is a set of order pairs.
Types of relation functions

1. One-to-one Relation:- this relation is a function because only one element of set A is corresponding another element in set B.



2. One-to-many Relation:- this is not an a function because the element 1 from set is corresponding to 2,4 in set B.


3. Many-to-one Relation:- 3 elements from set A are corresponding to the element 4 in set B which is many to one.



We have also talked about the vertical line test. It is a vertical line that touches the graph only once.
For example this graph is a Function because it touches the vertical line test once.


This one is not a function because it touches the vertical line test twice.


Sources :- http://www.tutorvista.com/content/math/algebra/function/function.php
http://www.purplemath.com/modules/fcns.htm


Next Scribe :- Ale ...

Today's Slides: January 8

Here they are ...



Wednesday, January 7, 2009

reflection

I enjoy this topic so much but then again there are some areas where in i am having difficulties. However, i will do my best and aim high for this test. goodluck everyone ! goodnight

Tuesday, January 6, 2009

REFLECTION

Hi everyone,

tomorrow will be our test on Logic.. In this unit I'm pretty sure that I can answer them on the test....although I don't get a chance to review this morning with all of the class, because I got really sick and won't be able to go to class.. I think I'm going to do fine...anyways.. I think this unit is okay and I think I can handle them...LOL!!...;) anyways...good luck to all of you...^_^

Reflection .

Hi everyone! The Logic Unit was tolerable :) I was pretty much okay with the Converse, Inverse, Contrapositive, Inductive Reasoning and Deductive Reasoning. I should say that the only thing I'm worried for tomorrow's test is the Proof by Contradiction (Direct and Indirect Reasoning). That's about it.

Good Luck!

Reflection!

Hi everyone

Tomorrow is the test, and I am quite ready but the only thing that I don't understand is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning.

Reflection...

EyLoW (:

For this unit, I can say that it was quite easy. But I still have troubles on proving by contradiction (the indirect and direct reasoning thingy). Overall, I think that I am capable of answering the questions on the test. Yet, I am still quite nervous because I don't guarantee a perfect mark on it since I found some part of the unit a little difficult. I hope that everyone would do well on the test tomorrow! ^-^

-CharChar

Reflection

Hello everyone..

To be honest..
I think I'm still not confident for tomorrow's test because I still have some topics that I don't get and when when I look at it I get confused :( . Such as determining the truth or false in Conditional Statement, Contradiction and Counter example. But I hope I'll be able to understand it tonight :)
Also, don't forget to bring your lucky charm...
I'll try to bring one too if I have one eheheh :)

See yah all tomorrow... GOOD LUCK!!!

Reflection

Overall, I think this unit was fairly easy for me to understand. There wasn't too much problems for me other than a few things. One of them using Proof of Contradiction to prove a problem. Such as the Knight and Knave problem. Im a bit confused on how to use indirect and direct reasoning. Hopefully i'll get this cleared up tonight. I also need to focus a bit more on operation on sets. Understanding what areas the sets are talking about. Other than that, I'm feeling pretty confident about the test.

Good luck to all !
hi ya'll

Tomorrow will be our test ,but I'm still confused in Contradiction and counter example...hmm..I dont really get them.So,I hope that tomorrow I will be able to solve these problem...

good luck...!

Reflection

hi to all (:

I just want to remind everyone that its our LOGIC TEST tomorrow!!
I'm kinda nervous about the test tomorrow because I have some difficulties understanding some topics.

I don't get these following topics:

=counterexample
=proof of contradiction (esp solving problems using graphs)

And that's everything:)..I hope everyone will do great on the test tomorrow!good luck!!

Review Class

Today we had a review class since Mr. K. gave us an extra day to prepare for the test. Mr. K. wasn't here today unforunately. For the class, we received a Logic Review sheet as seen below.

Some of the questons you will see on the sheet, we've already went over so it shouldn't be to hard to answer. It was also said that in the beginning of the class that the questions on the sheet were taken from past tests. So what you see on that sheet is basically a test in itself. So its safe to say, the questions seen are identical on what you will see on tomorrow's test.

As for question 9, you will need to make a chart to solve. I've made a chart for those of you who need itAs you may have noticed, there is a question mark in place of one of the points. I have yet to figure out what that value is. Most likely you will need to go trough the problem to be able to find the value.

Thats it for today's class.

Remember: Test Tomorrow

Good luck and study hard !

Next Scribe: Nohom

Monday, January 5, 2009

It's 2009! :D Scribe post for January 05, 2009

Happy New Year
&
Welcome Back To School!
Hii Everyone! ^-^
First of all, I hope that you all had a wonderful winter break :] That 2-week hibernation and fun was great, but now it's time to get up and have ourselves back on track. As what Mr.K said, "We only have 3 weeks, almost exact, before the exam. After Logic, we have one more unit to do." (Well, it was something like that :P) To warm up our brains, we had a Pre-test on Logic today. Our real test will be on Wednesday (January 07, 2008), since Mr.K said that we'd have one more day to review Logic a little more.
Here are the questions & answers/corrections if you've missed the Pre-test (They can also be seen in the slides):

(1) In a class of 50 students, 18 take music, 26 take art, and 2 take both art and music. How many students are not enrolled in either music or art? (a) 6 ; (b) 8 ; (c) 16 ; (d) 24
to explain it in the form of a Venn Diagram...
(2) What is true about the statement "If two angles are right angles, the angles have equal measure" and its converse "If two angles have equal measure then the two angles are right angles"?
(a) The statement is true but its converse is false.
(b) The statement is false but its converse is true.
(c) Both the statement and its converse are false.
(d) Both the statement and its converse are true.
- Converse is false because two angles that have equal measure doesn't necessarily have to be right angles. For example, an isoceles triangle has two equal angles but they are not right angles.

(3) The inverse of the converse of a conditional statement is the contrapositive.
(4) Let U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, A = {2, 4, 6, 8}, B = {1,3,6,9}, and C = {1,3,4,6,8}. List the members in the set: ( A ∩ C )'
to explain in the form of a Venn Diagram...
(click to enlarge)
Therefore, the members in the set ( A ∩ C )' are 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9.

(5) Prove that the difference of square of two odd numbers is always divisible by 4.

=

=

=

=

This has a factor of 4 and is divisible by 4.

I think I explained them as well as I could. Tomorrow, we will have time to review Logic with the class once more. Homework for today was to try to prove if is rational or not. Look at the slide that was on December 19 for the explanation on because it is similar. Also, we have to finish other unanswered exercises that we were assigned including Exercise 50.

That is all for today! ^-^

The next scribe will be Randall :]

- CharChar